The stakes are high when making treatment decisions in T1-BC.
Conservative management may lead to progression and possibly death of BC. On the other hand, radical cystectomy may be over-treatment for non-progressive disease.
Hence, there is a need for an easy-to-use sub-staging system that provides prognostic information to guide clinical decision- making in these patients.
We analyzed clinical outcome for two sub-staging systems: T1a/b/c (well known system but rejected by WHO in 2004) and T1m/e (a new easy to use system).
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