• 12 centres located in Europe, the United States, and Canada participated
• 1136 patients treated with RC and bilateral lymphadenectomy for clinical T1G3 UCB within a period of 30 yr (1979-2008)
• median age was 67 yr (range: 29-94), re-TUR was done in nearly 70% of the patients
• patients with other tumour stage than T1G3 or without muscle in the TUR specimens were excluded from the study
• no patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy
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